UtshovChapter 8
8.1
अर्जुन उवाच
किं तद्ब्रह्म किमध्यात्मं किं कर्म पुरुषोत्तम।
अधिभूतं च किं प्रोक्तमधिदैवं किमुच्यते।।8.1।।
Arjuna uvacha
Kim tadbrahma kimadhyatmam kim karma purushottama
Adhibhutam cha kim proktamadhidaivam kimuchyate
Simple meaning, written by AIArjuna asks Krishna what Brahman, the soul, action, the perishable and the imperishable are.
8.2
अधियज्ञः कथं कोऽत्र देहेऽस्मिन्मधुसूदन।
प्रयाणकाले च कथं ज्ञेयोऽसि नियतात्मभिः।।8.2।।
Adhiyagyah katham kotra dehesminmadhusudana
Prayanakale cha katham gyeyosi niyatatmabhih
Simple meaning, written by AIArjuna asks how Krishna can be the supreme knower while residing in this body, and how at the moment of death one is recognized by those whose souls are fixed.
8.3
श्री भगवानुवाच
अक्षरं ब्रह्म परमं स्वभावोऽध्यात्ममुच्यते।
भूतभावोद्भवकरो विसर्गः कर्मसंज्ञितः।।8.3।।
Shri bhagavanuvacha
Aksharam brahma paramam svabhavodhyatmamuchyate
Bhutabhavodbhavakaro visargah karmasangyitah
Simple meaning, written by AIKrishna explains that the imperishable is Brahman, the soul is the inner self, the perishable is the material manifestation that creates and dissolves, and action is called karma.
8.4
अधिभूतं क्षरो भावः पुरुषश्चाधिदैवतम्।
अधियज्ञोऽहमेवात्र देहे देहभृतां वर।।8.4।।
Adhibhutam ksharo bhavah purushashchadhidaivatam
Adhiyagyohamevatra dehe dehabhritam vara
Simple meaning, written by AIKrishna says the perishable is the changing condition, the supreme is the divine, and He Himself is the supreme knower in this body, the best among those who sustain bodies.
8.5
अन्तकाले च मामेव स्मरन्मुक्त्वा कलेवरम्।
यः प्रयाति स मद्भावं याति नास्त्यत्र संशयः।।8.5।।
Antakale cha mameva smaranmuktva kalevaram
Yah prayati sa madbhavam yati nastyatra sanshayah
Simple meaning, written by AIWhoever, at the moment of death, remembers Krishna, leaves the body and attains His nature, there is no doubt about it.
8.6
यं यं वापि स्मरन्भावं त्यजत्यन्ते कलेवरम्।
तं तमेवैति कौन्तेय सदा तद्भावभावितः।।8.6।।
Yam yam vapi smaranbhavam tyajatyante kalevaram
Tam tamevaiti kaunteya sada tadbhavabhavitah
Simple meaning, written by AIWhatever state of being one remembers at the moment of death, one attains that state; O Arjuna, one always reaches the condition one has contemplated.
8.7
तस्मात्सर्वेषु कालेषु मामनुस्मर युध्य च।
मय्यर्पितमनोबुद्धिर्मामेवैष्यस्यसंशयम्।।8.7।।
Tasmatsarveshu kaleshu mamanusmara yudhya cha
Mayyarpitamanobuddhirmamevaishyasyasanshayam
Simple meaning, written by AITherefore, at all times remember Me and fight; one who offers mind and intellect to Me will certainly attain Me.
8.8
अभ्यासयोगयुक्तेन चेतसा नान्यगामिना।
परमं पुरुषं दिव्यं याति पार्थानुचिन्तयन्।।8.8।।
Abhyasayogayuktena chetasa nanyagamina
Paramam purusham divyam yati parthanuchintayan
Simple meaning, written by AIBy steady practice of yoga, with the mind fixed on Him and no other destination, one reaches the supreme divine Person, O Partha, by contemplation.
8.9
कविं पुराणमनुशासितार
मणोरणीयांसमनुस्मरेद्यः।
सर्वस्य धातारमचिन्त्यरूप
मादित्यवर्णं तमसः परस्तात्।।8.9।।
Kavim puranamanushasitara
Manoraniyansamanusmaredyah
Sarvasya dhataramachintyarupa
Madityavarnam tamasah parastat
Simple meaning, written by AIHe is described as the ancient poet, ruler of the mind, remover of sins, sustainer of all, of an incomprehensible form, sun‑coloured and beyond darkness.
8.10
प्रयाणकाले मनसाऽचलेन
भक्त्या युक्तो योगबलेन चैव।
भ्रुवोर्मध्ये प्राणमावेश्य सम्यक्
स तं परं पुरुषमुपैति दिव्यम्।।8.10।।
Prayanakale manasachalena
Bhaktya yukto yogabalena chaiva
Bhruvormadhye pranamaveshya samyak
Sa tam param purushamupaiti divyam
Simple meaning, written by AIAt the time of death, with a steady mind, devotion, and yoga power, placing the breath in the space between the eyebrows, one attains the supreme divine Person.
8.11
यदक्षरं वेदविदो वदन्ति
विशन्ति यद्यतयो वीतरागाः।
यदिच्छन्तो ब्रह्मचर्यं चरन्ति
तत्ते पदं संग्रहेण प्रवक्ष्ये।।8.11।।
Yadaksharam vedavido vadanti
Vishanti yadyatayo vitaragah
Yadichchhanto brahmacharyam charanti
Tatte padam sangrahena pravakshye
Simple meaning, written by AIKnowers of the Veda call this the imperishable. Free from attachment, ascetics enter it, and desiring it, they practise celibacy. I will now briefly tell you about that state.
8.12
सर्वद्वाराणि संयम्य मनो हृदि निरुध्य च।
मूर्ध्न्याधायात्मनः प्राणमास्थितो योगधारणाम्।।8.12।।
Sarvadvarani sanyamya mano hridi nirudhya cha
Murdhnyadhayatmanah pranamasthito yogadharanam
Simple meaning, written by AIClosing all the gates of the senses, confining the mind in the heart, and placing the life-breath at the crown of the head, one remains established in yogic concentration.
8.13
ओमित्येकाक्षरं ब्रह्म व्याहरन्मामनुस्मरन्।
यः प्रयाति त्यजन्देहं स याति परमां गतिम्।।8.13।।
Omityekaksharam brahma vyaharanmamanusmaran
Yah prayati tyajandeham sa yati paramam gatim
Simple meaning, written by AIOne who utters the single syllable OM, which is Brahman, while remembering Me, and departs leaving the body, attains the supreme goal.
8.14
अनन्यचेताः सततं यो मां स्मरति नित्यशः।
तस्याहं सुलभः पार्थ नित्ययुक्तस्य योगिनः।।8.14।।
Ananyachetah satatam yo mam smarati nityashah
Tasyaham sulabhah partha nityayuktasya yoginah
Simple meaning, written by AIO Partha, for the yogi who constantly remembers Me every day with an undivided mind, and is always steadfast, I am easily attained.
8.15
मामुपेत्य पुनर्जन्म दुःखालयमशाश्वतम्।
नाप्नुवन्ति महात्मानः संसिद्धिं परमां गताः।।8.15।।
Mamupetya punarjanma duhkhalayamashashvatam
Napnuvanti mahatmanah sansiddhim paramam gatah
Simple meaning, written by AIHaving attained Me, great souls do not take rebirth, which is the abode of sorrow and not permanent. They have reached the supreme perfection.
8.16
आब्रह्मभुवनाल्लोकाः पुनरावर्तिनोऽर्जुन।
मामुपेत्य तु कौन्तेय पुनर्जन्म न विद्यते।।8.16।।
Abrahmabhuvanallokah punaravartinorjuna
Mamupetya tu kaunteya punarjanma na vidyate
Simple meaning, written by AIO Arjuna, the worlds are repeatedly created and destroyed, but one who reaches Me never undergoes another birth.
8.17
सहस्रयुगपर्यन्तमहर्यद्ब्रह्मणो विदुः।
रात्रिं युगसहस्रान्तां तेऽहोरात्रविदो जनाः।।8.17।।
Sahasrayugaparyantamaharyadbrahmano viduh
Ratrim yugasahasrantam tehoratravido janah
Simple meaning, written by AIThose who understand day and night know that Brahma’s day lasts a thousand yugas and his night likewise a thousand yugas.
8.18
अव्यक्ताद्व्यक्तयः सर्वाः प्रभवन्त्यहरागमे।
रात्र्यागमे प्रलीयन्ते तत्रैवाव्यक्तसंज्ञके।।8.18।।
Avyaktadvyaktayah sarvah prabhavantyaharagame
Ratryagame praliyante tatraivavyaktasangyake
Simple meaning, written by AIAll manifested beings arise from the unmanifest at the beginning of Brahma’s day, and at the onset of his night they merge back into the unmanifest.
8.19
भूतग्रामः स एवायं भूत्वा भूत्वा प्रलीयते।
रात्र्यागमेऽवशः पार्थ प्रभवत्यहरागमे।।8.19।।
Bhutagramah sa evayam bhutva bhutva praliyate
Ratryagamevashah partha prabhavatyaharagame
Simple meaning, written by AIThe world of beings repeatedly manifests and dissolves; it is compelled to dissolve at the coming of night and to arise again at the coming of day.
8.20
परस्तस्मात्तु भावोऽन्योऽव्यक्तोऽव्यक्तात्सनातनः।
यः स सर्वेषु भूतेषु नश्यत्सु न विनश्यति।।8.20।।
Parastasmattu bhavonyovyaktovyaktatsanatanah
Yah sa sarveshu bhuteshu nashyatsu na vinashyati
Simple meaning, written by AIBeyond this, there is another unmanifest, eternal and beyond the unmanifest; the one who appears to die in all beings never truly perishes.
8.21
अव्यक्तोऽक्षर इत्युक्तस्तमाहुः परमां गतिम्।
यं प्राप्य न निवर्तन्ते तद्धाम परमं मम।।8.21।।
Avyaktokshara ityuktastamahuh paramam gatim
Yam prapya na nivartante taddhama paramam mama
Simple meaning, written by AIThe imperishable, called unmanifest, is said to be the supreme goal, and having attained it people do not return. That is my supreme abode.
8.22
पुरुषः स परः पार्थ भक्त्या लभ्यस्त्वनन्यया।
यस्यान्तःस्थानि भूतानि येन सर्वमिदं ततम्।।8.22।।
Purushah sa parah partha bhaktya labhyastvananyaya
Yasyantahsthani bhutani yena sarvamidam tatam
Simple meaning, written by AIO Partha, that supreme Purusha is attained through exclusive devotion. All beings dwell within him, and by him all this is pervaded.
8.23
यत्र काले त्वनावृत्तिमावृत्तिं चैव योगिनः।
प्रयाता यान्ति तं कालं वक्ष्यामि भरतर्षभ।।8.23।।
Yatra kale tvanavrittimavrittim chaiva yoginah
Prayata yanti tam kalam vakshyami bharatarshabha
Simple meaning, written by AIO best of the Bharatas, I will tell you the time at which yogis who depart either do not return or do return.
8.24
अग्निर्ज्योतिरहः शुक्लः षण्मासा उत्तरायणम्।
तत्र प्रयाता गच्छन्ति ब्रह्म ब्रह्मविदो जनाः।।8.24।।
Agnirjyotirahah shuklah shanmasa uttarayanam
Tatra prayata gachchhanti brahma brahmavido janah
Simple meaning, written by AIFire, light, day, the bright fortnight, and the six months of the northern solstice are named here. Knowers of Brahman who depart in this time go to Brahman.
8.25
धूमो रात्रिस्तथा कृष्णः षण्मासा दक्षिणायनम्।
तत्र चान्द्रमसं ज्योतिर्योगी प्राप्य निवर्तते।।8.25।।
Dhumo ratristatha krishnah shanmasa dakshinayanam
Tatra chandramasam jyotiryogi prapya nivartate
Simple meaning, written by AISmoke, night, the dark fortnight, and the six months of the southern solstice are named here. In this time the yogi attains the light of the moon and returns.
8.26
शुक्लकृष्णे गती ह्येते जगतः शाश्वते मते।
एकया यात्यनावृत्तिमन्ययाऽऽवर्तते पुनः।।8.26।।
Shuklakrishne gati hyete jagatah shashvate mate
Ekaya yatyanavrittimanyayavartate punah
Simple meaning, written by AIBright and dark, these two paths of the world are held to be eternal. By one a person goes and does not return, and by the other one comes back again.
8.27
नैते सृती पार्थ जानन्योगी मुह्यति कश्चन।
तस्मात्सर्वेषु कालेषु योगयुक्तो भवार्जुन।।8.27।।
Naite sriti partha jananyogi muhyati kashchana
Tasmatsarveshu kaleshu yogayukto bhavarjuna
Simple meaning, written by AIArjuna, a yogi who knows these two paths is not confused at all. Therefore, at all times, be united with yoga.
8.28
वेदेषु यज्ञेषु तपःसु चैव
दानेषु यत्पुण्यफलं प्रदिष्टम्।
अत्येति तत्सर्वमिदं विदित्वा
योगी परं स्थानमुपैति चाद्यम्।।8.28।।
Vedeshu yagyeshu tapahsu chaiva
Daneshu yatpunyaphalam pradishtam
Atyeti tatsarvamidam viditva
Yogi param sthanamupaiti chadyam
Simple meaning, written by AIA yogi who knows this goes beyond the fruit of merit declared for the Vedas, sacrifices, austerities and gifts, and reaches the supreme, primal abode.